الفن المكرامي الدرس 137 شرح بالصور عقدة Figure Eight Patterns

الفن المكرامي الدرس   137 شرح بالصور عقدة Figure Eight Patterns
Description: Figure Eight Patterns are often used to create appealing Macrame designs, especially jewelry. This historical Celtic symbol represents the concepts of eternity, unity and love. A sennit (chain) of these decorative knots will have the weaving common to all Celtic knots. Single knots are used in the finishing steps of Macrame projects, and you can use them for linking cords to one another. Five Figure Eight Patterns are described below: The Single Knot Figure Eight Tuck Fisherman's Knot Vertical Chain Horizontal Chain On a separate page is the Kinky Lover's Knot, which is two figure eights linked together in a unique manner.
Single Figure Eight Knot The single Figure 8 can be used as a finishing knot, near the ends of cords, by tightening it firmly. It does have a tendency to loosen, so using another type of knot on either side really helps.
			Step 1: Secure one end of a cord to your board. Make a counter-clockwise loop with the working end. This loop is at the bottom of the figure eight. Bring the working end over the secured end to make the crossing point.
			Step 2: Create the upper loop by passing the working end under the secured end, moving from left to right (clockwise).
			Step 3: Bring the working end down, and direct it through the lower loop from the top (over - under).
			Tighten the Figure Eight knot by pulling on the ends.  Use the ends to tie other knots, or add glue while tigthening if you plan to use it as a finishing knot.
			This shows how the Stevedore Knot is used to secure the ends of a doubled Figure Eight knot, to prevent it from coming out. For more information, visit that page by clicking on the link.
Figure Eight Tuck
Description: The Figure Eight Patterns on this page are variations of the single knot, even though they might seem a lot different than the first design. This knot is made in reverse, and two tucks are added, which is where the name comes from. This is a much tighter knot, so it's a really good choice for finishing the ends of cords.
Step 1: Make a loop in the center of a cord. Cross left over right to make the crossing point. Secure it to your board as shown, with the ends at the top.  This is the lower loop of the figure eight.
Step 2: Move the end that's now on your right under the secured portion, to form the upper loop of the Figure 8. The working end should be on the left when you are through.
Step 3: Move the working end down and through the lower loop (1), passing over - under the two segments.
Step 4: Bring the working end to the top, and through the upper loop from below (under - over).
Step 5: Locate the secured end.  Bring it down to the lower loop at the bottom of the design. Pass it through from the top (over - under).
Slowly tighten the Figure Eight Tuck, until it's small and firm.
Fisherman's Knot
Description:   Figure Eight Patterns are used in other crafts. This one is often chosen by fishermen to link cords and lines to each other. It serves the same purpose in Macrame, so it's considered a "connection knot", similar to a Linked Overhand knot.
Step 1: Secure a holding cord to your board, horizontally (black in images). Place the one you will be using to tie the knot above it, secured on the left (brown).
Make the first loop of the figure 8 with the working cord, in a clockwise direction. Pass it under the holding cord, and then over it. Move it over the working cord to form the crossing point.
Step 2: Direct the working end down and under both cords, to the left of the first loop.
Step 3: Bring the working end upward, passing over the center of the knot, between the two loops.
Step 4: Bring the working end through the loop on the right. Pass it under the upper segment, over the holding cord, and over the lower segment.
Tighten the knot by pulling on one or both ends, depending on how it's used. Figure Eight Patterns usually look best when loosely tied, but this one is an exception; it should be tightened firmly.
Vertical Chain
Description: Figure Eight Patterns can be used to create chains, also called sennits. This one is designed by linking the knots so they rest side by side. The knots themselves are arranged up and down (vertical).  To view jewelry projects where this knot is featured, see the Celtic Bracelet and the Figure Eight Choker.
Step 1: You need a long piece of material at least 50 inches long. Secure the left end to a Project Board or table. In the images below that's called the tail.
Step 2: Make the first loop at the bottom of the design, in a clockwise direction. Cross the working end under the secured tail to form the crossing point. Make the second loop at the top, moving counter-clockwise. Pass the working end under to make the crossing point, as you bring the end back down to the lower right.
Tip: When creating Figure Eight Patterns like this one, it's important to make the loops the same size and fairly small. Otherwise you will have to tighten the entire chain later on, and that's harder than it looks. I usually make the loops around 1/2-inch in size.
Step 3: Make the next loop by moving the working end in a clockwise direction. Pass it through the first loop from below (under - over). Make sure you pass under the segment on the right to form the crossing point.
Step 4: Make the next loop at the top in a counter-clockwise direction. Pass the working end through loop 2 from below (under - over). Make sure you pass the end under the segment on the right, as you bring it back to the lower area.
			Step 5: Repeat steps 2 - 4 several more times, until the sennit is the size you need. Start at the secured end to tighten the design if necessary.
Horizontal Chain
Description: Figure Eight Patterns like this one can be used to make belts, necklaces and items that require long chains. This design is made by placing the knots horizontally, and linking them to one another. To view a jewelry project featuring this variation of Figure Eight patterns, see the Ripple Necklace.
Step 1: You need a long cord, at least 45 inches in length. Secure the left end to your work surface or Project Board, arranged horizontally.
			Step 1: Make the first clockwise loop a few inches to the right of the secured end. Direct the working end under the secured end to make the crossing point.
			Step 2: The second loop is made to the left of the first. Bring the working end over the secured end, heading counter-clockwise.
			Step 3: Bring the working end under the first loop, rather than going through it.
			Step 4: Make a clockwise loop to the right of the first Figure Eight, to start the second knot. The end should pass under to make the crossing point, just like in step 1.
			Step 5: Direct the working end through the right loop of the first Figure 8.  Weave over - under - over the three segments. This links the two knots together.
Step 6: Now you repeat the process to form the second Figure Eight knot, and to start the third:
Repeat Step 3 Repeat Step 4 Repeat Step 5
			Step 7: When the Figure Eight Pattern is as long as you want, stop after repeating step 5 -- linking the knots. Pass the end through the loop furthest to the right, from below (under - over).
Tightening as you progress is the best way to complete the knot, but you can also do it when the sennit is finished. Leave enough space so you can clearly see the Figure Eight shapes.